The shrinking of fabrics is a big problem in the textile industry. The shrinkage described above is a phenomenon in which the length or width of a textile undergoes a process of washing, dehydration, and drying in a certain state.
Textiles include yarn fibers, fabrics, and garments. The term shrinking is a bit far-fetched because water characters are bound to shrink with water. However, as we all know, there are many ways to make fabrics shrink. In terms of fibers, there are boiling water shrinkage, hot air shrinkage, and hot vapor shrinkage mentioned above, which are more suitable for fiber shrinkage. The shrinkage of the fabric fabric is caused by the different external forces acting on the yarn and fabric structure during processing, which is controlled when the garment is manufactured in the next process. Therefore, the production of fabrics needs to be handled, and the shrinkage is controlled at a reasonable level, and more appropriate may be called fabric dimensional stability.
After being dressed, used, and washed, a garment can retain its original size and shape properties, and is generally known as shrinking.
In the past, the issue of textile shrinkage was not taken seriously and the market has accepted the fact of shrinking. When you buy clothing, you have already sized it so that the size becomes more suitable after shrinking. Today, consumers know that the problem of shrinking pre-sizes should be the manufacturer's responsibility. For a time, shrinking the problem has become a major problem for the textile industry. How to control it well is also pursued and improved by all companies. Various forms of form help reduce the mechanical shrinking of the endless stream of low-shrinkage fabrics into the eager pursuit of brands and manufacturers.
The structural features of knitwear make the shrinking problem more difficult to control. Here, firstly, it is known that the knitted fabric is in a relaxed state or a relaxed and stable state. That is, the knitted fabric is in a dimensionally stable state after the internal stress disappears. This state can be divided into:
(A) Static Dry Relaxation: The knitted fabric is laid flat on a flat surface under tension-free conditions, allowing it to relax naturally and reach a relaxed state within a certain period of time.
(2) Static Wet Relaxation: The knitted fabric is allowed to stand in the immersion liquid, dehydrate after a certain time limit, and is laid flat under tension-free conditions, and the relaxation state achieved after drying is achieved.
(C) Dynamic Wet Relaxation: The fabric is washed and dehydrated in a rolling washing state, and is set to dry under tension-free conditions, and reaches a relaxed state after a certain period of time.
(D) completely relaxed state: that is, the fabric in the rolling washing state and dehydration, and then drying in the rolling state, after a certain time limit to achieve the relaxation state.
In order to detect various relaxation states of knitted fabrics, it is necessary to measure the changes in the dimensions of the samples before and after the treatment. The percentage of the difference between them is the [shrinkage], which also serves as an indicator of the dimensional stability of the fabric. The formula is as follows: Y = (H1 - H2) / H1 x 100% Y = shrinkage rate of the knitted fabric H1 = the size of the knitted fabric before processing H2 = the size of the knitted fabric after processing The shrinkage of the fabric can be divided into Positive and negative values.
If it shrinks laterally and grows longitudinally, then the lateral contraction rate is positive and the longitudinal direction is negative. The shrinkage of a fabric depends on the raw materials of the fabric, the tissue structure of the fabric, and the difference in the weaving and finishing methods of the fabric. Due to the large number of influencing variables, it is necessary to pay attention to and control the various processes from beginning to end.
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